Cutter-head for planers.



C. W.l H. BLO0D.- GUTTER HEAD POR PLANERS. APPLICATION FILED IBBA; 1909.

1,G1 1,107. Patented D915, 1911'.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

O. W. H. BLOOD. GUTTER HEAD FOR PLANERS. APPLIGATION FILED HBA, 1909.

1,011,107., V 1 Patent-9111190. 5, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C'. W. H. BLOOD..

' CUTTER HEAD FOR PLANERS.

APPLICATION FILED ELBA, 1909.

Patenged Dec. 5, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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H. BLOOD, 0E BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T0 S. A. WOODS MACHINE COMPANY, 0F BOSTOiN', MASSACHUSETTS.

CUTTER-HEAD FOR PLANERS.

Patented lDec. 5, Matt.

` Application mea February 4,1909. serial No. 476,133. t

To all whom it may concern: t

Be it known that I, CHARLES W. H. BLOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Cutter-I-Ieads for Planers, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specilication, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

The main feature of my invention is a cutterhead consisting of a plurality of cutter members'each consisting of a. frame or carrier and its complement of cutters, said two members being mounted together and separately and removably secured on a spindle to constitute a single cut-terhead.

There are many advant-ages resulting from my invention. In the case of matcher cutterheads, for instance, one frame carries the rooving cutters and the other carries the y ]ointing or straight-edge cutters, so that by tipping the former with relation to the latter the width of the cut made by the grooving member maybe increased, in case the yproject-ing grooving cutters cut too tightly.

Again, it is always essential that the strai ht edge of a matched joint shall be preferably true, whereas the tongue and groove need not be so true, and by my invention the grooving member may be removed so as tov leave the jointing or straight-edge member undisturbed in its adjustment to be trued by itself.` This results in a further important practical advantage, viz., it .permits the joint-ing member to be trued While running.

Also, aseach member is'complete in itself, one member, preferably the one containing the 4project-ing portion or portions of the cutterhead, may be removed as a Whole, without disturbing any of its adjust-ments or the remaining members or any of the adjustments of the remaining members. All the cutters remain set up and are removed from the spindle complete with their carrier, to be put back without readjustment after the remaining or fixed member is trued,

l ground, or the like. l On the other hand, the

cutters are individually adjustable. A great variety of cutterhcad arrangements may be made at a moments notice simply by removing one cutter member and puttin in place any one of the `different mem rs which are kepton hand all sharpened and adjusted, for instant use, ready to be put on one and the same spindle. The cutter member may also be reversed.

In the preferred form of my invention, the different members are arranged to interlock, one or both sets of cutters overlapping the adjacent carriers. This makes the head strong and also permits the jointing or straight-edge cutter to have itsfcutting edge extendv both above `and below or at both sides of the project-ing cutters of the groovin member.

y invention makes' it feasible to have members of different diameters, thereby securing a strong support for those cutters which project forward beyond the other cutters, as 1n cutting grooved siding, for instance.

My invent-ion includes various details of constructionl which will be pointed out more at length in connectionv with the following description, reference being had also to the accompanying drawings, in which I have shown various preferred embodiments of my invention.

In the drawings,'Figure 1 is a bottom plan view of one form of the cutterhead; Fig. 2 is a sectional view thereof taken on the line 2 -2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view thereof in side elevation; Fig. 4 is a sectional detail on the line 4 4, Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5 5 Fig. l; Fig. 6 is a front elevation of one of the cutters; Figs. 7 and 8 are front elevations of .modilied cutters; Fig. 9 is a plan view of a slightly different arrangement of cutterhead; Fig. 10 is a projection of the arrangement of the successive cutters .of the cutterhead shown in Fig. 9; Figs. 11, 12, and 13 are views in front elevation of various cutters; Fig. 14 is a sectional view on the line 14-14 Fig. 9; Figs. 15 and 17 are views in side elevation and plan of a further modification of the invention; and Fig. 16 is a transverse sectional view of a board cut by the cutterhead of Figs. 15 and 17.

For convenience of illustration I have herein shown the invention as embodied in a `cutter-head consisting of two members, the lower4 of which is preferably fixed to a cylindrical bearing member or spindle 1 adapted tovbe mounted on the usual cutter shaft by any suitable means as by pins 2.

A s shown lin Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the upper member consists of'a frame or'disk carrier 3 provided with a recess 4 for receiving a 110 clamping nut and compensating taper as a very important feature of the invention.

It is well known that the cutters of a high speed planer cannot be properly trued except when running at hlgh speed.I By my invention the grooving cutters 7 are removed without disturbing their mutual relations, adjustments, etc., thereby leaving the jointing cutters 9 absolutely undisturbed so that then may be trued accurately athigh speed, an then thereafter the grooving cutters 7 and'their frame 3 are quickly clamped in place again and the cutterhead as a whole is vready for use. The top cut-ter .member is secured by' any suitable means `as by a nut 10.

While the constructional details may be widely varied I have herein shown Ia spe-A cially strong and compact preferred arrangement. Viewing Figs. 3 and 4 it will be seen that the cutters 7 are dovetailed in cross section,to fit a'correspondingly shaped groove or way 11 andare held in place-by the wedge shape block or end 12 of a bolt 13 and nut 14, said block tting' against the flaring wall 15 of a groove 16 for securing atightfit and weelging the cutters 7 3immovably in place. The frame or carrier 3 is provided with recesses 17, preferably midway between the successive cutters 7, for receiving, referably snugly, the projecting upper en s-of the cutters 9 which occup a cutting position at each side of the pat of the cutters 7, as best shown in Fig. 3. VWhen, as in the preferred construction of the drawings, the recesses 17 are sopositioned or formed with relation to the cutters 9 as to receive lthe latter snugly or at least directly engage the backsof said cutters, great strength 1s thereby secured, inasmuch as the wide blade 9 has a firm, rigid support or backing throughout -substantially its entire extent.' Preferably also the cutters and carriers have special holding means, the cutters being herein shown as proigided with accurately milled V,- shape grooves or notched teeth 18 on one' side, to it correspondingly shaped ooves or teeth 19 in the adjacent wallf t e carrier 8', which has a vertical recess 20 for each cutter knife. On its opposite. side the cutter in position. .by a' clamping back block 21 and bolt 22 whose head 23 has a rocking support or rest .in a'hollow seat or groove 24 provided therefor in the adjagetting lost Whenever the cutters are removed from the frame I provide each block `with an ear 25 fitting a slot or groove 26 in which it is held by a pin and slot 27, 28. The corresponding grooves and teeth of all the recesses and all the cutters are similarly placed, so that the cutters are thereby interchangeable. 'lhis also brings all the cuttingl edges into one and the same cut-ting plane or rotary path. The grooves and teeth 18 hold the cutters positively'against slip in the direction Vof their length. By grooving the cutters longitudinally as indicated at 29, Fig. 7, transverse slipping would be impossible, and by grooving in both directions as at 30, Fig. 8, no slipping in either direction can take place. The clamping blocks are on the forward side of the blades so that the working strain of the blades does not come against thev blocks but is brought direct] `against the solid backing of the head itsel A'further important feature of the cutterhead, in its preferred embodiment, re-

sides in making the frame or carrier 3 capable of a tiltingadjustment. For example, in case ,the grooving cutters 7 cut too tightly, z'. e. do not cut the groove in a boa'rdor timber of suicient wldth to receive properlyV the tongue on the opposite board or plank, I simply tilt the upper frame 3.on the lower frame 8 by any suitable means, thereby re lulating the Width of the grooving cut 'ma e by the cutters 7. Preferably a set screw 31 is provided for this purpose, threaded through the frame 3 to. engage the lower frame member 8, said screwv being shown as l having dwells or grooves 32 to be engaged by aspring propelled pin 33 to aid the opera'- tor in determining the proper adjustment and to' hold the set screw in its adjustment. Two feet or raised portions 34 upon the inner edge of the frame or carrier 3 vconstitute rocking points and unite with the screw 31 in giving the frame or'carrier 3 a three-point support upon the lower member 8. This affords accuracy of tilting movement and insures a rm support upon the three points within-thel-ti ping rangerof the head. To facilitate the ti ting of the groovingmember the frame. 3 has a loose t at 35 anda narrow shoulder 36 to enga e a ring or shoulder 3 7 secured to the spln le at the 4 lower edge of said frame 3, and a compen- 'sating or taper washer 38 fits into a correspondingly tapered' recess 3-9 in the unders1de of the'nu't 10. In Figs. 9, 14, I have shown the upper member in the form of a comparatively thin plate or frame 40, of substantially thesame construction as the lower member, adjusted by a set screw 41 the same asl before and held in alace b a taper washer 38 and correspon ingly gol- .the V-shape groove-holding feature of my invention, which is further illustrated in Figs. 5-8 and 10-13, where itewill be-seen,

that certain of the groove cutters are provided with transverse holding grooves or fteeth slightly-diagonal tothe jlength of the cuttersin one direction, as indicated at 41, Fig. 1.1, and others ata dlfferent inclination as lndicated at 42, Fig. 12, the arrangement yof the various cutters in the cutterhead being -shown inA Fig. 10, where it vwill be seen that the successive groove cutters are tipped indicated at 43. A furtheradvantage of the fholding groove construction is that it facilitates the adjustment .and holding of the blades in place. The transverse grooves or teeth 41-43 hold the. blade true* for its longitudinal adjustment without much aid from the back block 21, so that the operator can readily adjust the blade transversely without losing the longitudinal adjustment. Having adjusted the blade the block is tightened against the blade enough merely to prevent its shifting transversely, inasmuch -as the holdin -teeth or grooves keep the blade true lengt wise. In other Words, this groove-and-tooth. construction relieves the clampingblock of much ofits duty as the transverse holding teeth or grooves prevent the cutter from driving back, in use, and hence the holding block 21 need not -be set nearly as tightly as would otherwise be re'uired.

further advantage of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 15-17. The cutter blade frames or carriers may be of any relative shape and extent, andin these figures I have 'shown anl upper 'member 44 considerably beyond the lower member, so -as to make the cut illustrated in the boardv45, Fig. 16. In-

stead of having the upper portion of the blade or part for making the upper cut 46,

project from the head a much eater distance than the blade or part whlch cuts the lower portion 47, by 4my construction the cutters for both the cuts 46 and 47 can be.

terhead is adapted to ordinary straight planing. By reversing the member, z'. e. turning it bottom-side up, the same cutterhead is adapted to run .on the opposite spindle so as to run in the opposite direction and operate on the opposite edge of the board or timber.

In use, my invention enables the operator such attention separately as may be deemed advisable. Thus the jointing` knives or cutters are readily brought to an absolutely correct, true and uniform cutting surface simply by removin 4the grooving memberl and rotating the jomting member by itself on the cutterhead shaft or on a separate truing spindle. This simpliies the truing of the joint-ing knives or cutters and greatly facilitates the work, inasmuch as it is not usually necessary to devote-much attention to the grooving knives, whichl need not be so true as the jointing knives. Havin trued the jointing member, the cutter head 1s completed by' 'selecting a grooving member or other cooperating cuttlng member according to the pattern to be cut, and quickly clamping it in place, thereby at once completing the cutterhead without the necessity of laborious adjustment of the individual knives or cutters. When the work has been finished for that particular pattern, no vexatious delay is required for gettingthe cutterhead into shape for planing the next pattern, as allthat is necessary is simply to take yofi' the entire top member and substitute another one complete, it beign understood that as many of these removable members are kept in readiness as the necessities and scope of the work require. All the cutters Aremain setupin their frames or car-- is substituted, so that the planing machine is thereby kept in practically continuous service.

As already intimated, my invention is not limited to the constructional details ein plained, Vas I believe it is broadly new in the particulars hereinafter s cied inthe claims, and 'accordingly I wis it understood that the range of equivalents is intended to be commensurate with the terms of said claims. v By the term grooving cutters I include any and all shapes of projectin cut ters capable of cutting away the stoc angularly with relation to the jomt-ing cut or plane of the main surface cut, and by the term j ointing cutter I include all stralghtedge or main-surface cutters (in matcher heads cutting the joint edge of theboards, and in horizontal-cutterheads cutting the general plane surface of the boards).

' Having` described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is,

1. A rotary cutterhead. for grooving machines, comprising a cylindrical bearing member adapted to be mounted on the cutter shaft, a radial flange removably mounted 5. thereon constituting a planer head, a disk loosely sleeved on said cylindrical bearing member, said disk and said flange being each provided with a set of cutters, certain of said cutters interlocking both with said disk, and with said flange, securin means for holding said-flange on said cy indrical bearing member in ependentl of said disk, and means for removab y securin said disk, whereby to edect withdrawal o the disk and the cutters carried by said disk from the `planer head and cutters carried by the planer head to permit grinding of the latter at full speed.

2. A rotary cutterhead for grooving machines, comprising a cylindrical bearing member adapted to be mounted on the cutter shaft, a radial flange removably mounted thereon constituting a planer head, a disk loosely sleeved on said cylindrical bearing head, said disk and said fiange constituting cutter carriers and being each provided with a set of cutters, certain of said cutters interlocking with both of said carriers, securing means, mounted 4in one of said carriers' and Wholly independent and disconnected from the second carrier, for securing said interlockin cutters fast in their carrier and indepen ent of the second f carrier, said second carrier having recesses with walls fitting directly against the backs of the projecting ortions of the interlock' ing cutters throug out substantially the entire width of the pro'ecting portions of said 'interlocking cutters eyond their own carrier, securing means mounted in said second carrier for securing therein the other set'4 of cutters, which are carried by'sad second carrier, independently of the first carrier, securing means for holding said flan e on said bearing member independently o said disk, and means for removably securing said disk, whereby to effect withdrawal of .the disk and the cutters carried by said disk from the planer head and cutters carried by the planer headA to permit grinding oft the latter at full speed.

3. ln a cutterhead for laning machines, a carrier iframe providedp supporting a cutter against shifting including notched holding teeth, combined with a cutter havin teeth at one side fitting said holding teet and a self-alinino' clamping block pivotally mounted `and having one `ter opposite the teeth for pressing said holding. teeth and cutter teeth interlocked together. I

4i.' 1n a cutterhead for laning machines, a carrier trame providedp with means for I 65 supporting a cutter against shifting includwith means for' face bearing flat against the side of the cut-- ing notched holding teeth in position to support th.e"back of a cutter, combined with a cutter having teeth on its back side fitting said holding teeth whereby the working strain-tends to force said teeth into tightly intel-locked engagement, and a pivotally mounted clamping block bearing at its front face f'lat against the side of the cutter which Y is opposite the teeth thereof for pressing said holding teeth and cutter teeth interlocked together.

v5.r In a cutterhead for planing machines, c

a carrier frameprovided with a cutter-holding recess, a cutter therefor, a clamping block pivotally connected to the frame 'to permit its self alinement dat against the side of the cutter from an originally tilted position with relation thereto, and means separate fromv the pivotal connection of the block for tighteningthe block againstthev A,

6 yln a `cutterhead kfor planingmachines, a carrier framehaving a lcutter-holding recess, and a clamping block permanently held by a pivot pm against removal from the recess in any direction and held loosely in the recess in position to clamp a cutter against the opposite wall of the recess.

7. A 'cutterhead for planing machines, comprising a cylindrical bearing member adapted to be mounted on the cutter shaft,

said bearing member at its lower end termi-y natin in a radial fiange, a radial flange constituting -a planer head removably mounted on said cylindrical bearing member against said terminal flange, and provided with projecting planing cutters, and means carriedby said planer head flange jfor locking the cutters immovable therein, and a holding and supporting pin projecting perpendicularly from said terminal flange parallel to said cylindrical bearing member into a hole provided therefor in said planer 'head for holding and supporting the latter infixedl relation to the, bearing member, whereby topermit said cutterhea'd to be reversed to be run in the op osite direction and 'opes j crate on the opposite edge of a piece of work. v v

8. ln a cutterhead for planing machines,

a carrier frame having a cutter-holding re-v cess extending inwardly ;tfrom its edge, said frame havin transverse notched holding teeth at the ack side of said recess, combined witha cutter having transverse teeth on its back side tting said holding teeth for resisting lon 'tudinal movement of the cutter with relation to the frame, the opposite side of said cutter being smooth, 'a selfalining clampin block arranged to engage flat against sai smooth side o the cutter, and a tightenin bolt threaded in said block at one end an havin its headed end in isc rockin engagement with the opposite wall of sai recess, said block being entirely free ist 'l to swing on the head of the bolt as a pivot when required for self-alining purposes against said smooth side of the cutter.

9. In a cutterhead for planing machines,

a carrier frame provided with a cutter-hold ing recess, a cutter supported against one Wall of said recess, and a clampingblock and adjusting bolt threaded in said block mounted between the cutter and the opposite Wall of said recess, the head of the bolt.

occupying a rest formed therefor in the adjacent Wall of the recess and the block be` in g entirely free to swing on the head of the bolt as a pivot for self-alining purposes.

10. A cutterhead for planing machines, comprising a spindle, aV carrier frame and its cutters mounted thereon, and means for clamping said frame in place, including a taper Washer and a set nut fitting over said taperV washer for permitting a tilting 1nove ment of the taper Washer and carrier frame with relation to the spindle.

11. A cutterhead for planing machines', comprising a spindle and'two carrier frames and their cutters, one frame having a central lrecess, clamping means mounted on said spindle in said recess for clamping the other carrier frame in position, and means for independent-ly clamping'. the recessed frame' In'testimony whereof, have signed my namen to this specification, in the presenceA of two subscribing Witnesses. A

CHARLES W. H. BLOOD.

' Witnesses: A

W.`E. CHADBORNE, C. G. OSTEMAN. 

